Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux, happens when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing discomfort or a burning sensation known as heartburn. If acid reflux occurs frequently, it can lead to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a more severe and chronic form of reflux. GERD can result in symptoms such as persistent heartburn, regurgitation, and even difficulty swallowing, affecting one’s quality of life and, if untreated, leading to esophageal damage.
The Mechanics of Acid Reflux and GERD
Acid reflux occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a ring-like muscle that acts as a valve between the esophagus and stomach, weakens or relaxes abnormally. This muscle malfunction allows stomach acids to seep back into the esophagus. Occasional reflux is common, but chronic LES dysfunction may signal GERD.
Symptoms of GERD and Acid Reflux
Typical GERD symptoms include:
- Frequent heartburn
- Regurgitation of sour liquid or food
- Difficulty swallowing
- Chronic cough or throat irritation
If untreated, GERD can lead to complications like esophagitis, esophageal strictures, or even Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition.
Lifestyle and Dietary Changes to Help with GERD
Managing acid reflux and GERD often involves lifestyle adjustments, such as avoiding trigger foods (like spicy or acidic items), eating smaller meals, and not lying down soon after eating. For more severe cases, medication may be required to reduce stomach acid production or strengthen the LES.
When to Seek Help for Acid Reflux
Consult a healthcare provider if experiencing frequent reflux symptoms to prevent potential complications and manage GERD effectively. Treatments can help control symptoms, improve quality of life, and protect the esophagus from long-term damage.
Understanding acid reflux and GERD can help individuals take steps toward relief and maintain digestive health. The great staff at Lane Gastroenterology are here to help with your digestive healthcare needs.
